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eBook details

• Title: Hypocholesterolemic Response to Karaya Saponin and Rhodobacter Capsulatus in Broiler Chickens (Report)
• Author : Asian - Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• Release Date : January 01, 2010
• Genre: Industries & Professions,Books,Business & Personal Finance,
• Pages : * pages
• Size : 311 KB

Description

INTRODUCTION Saponins are natural detergent forms of a heterogenous group of triterpene or steroid glycosides that occur in many hundreds of plant species (Sidhu and Oakenfull, 1986). A number of studies have shown that different kinds of saponins lower serum cholesterol levels in a variety of animals and human subjects (Southon et al., 1988; Potter et al., 1993; Matsuura, 2001). However, there is no agreement on the specific hypocholesterolemic activity of all saponins and the search for new saponin sources continues (Li et al., 2007; Son et al., 2007; Zhang et al., 2008; Zhao et al., 2008). Recently, we conducted a study to compare different kinds of saponins as a hypocholesterolemic agent in rats. It was observed that karaya saponin was the best hypocholesterolemic substrate, which decreased serum cholesterol concentration in rats by 34% while a less than 20% reduction was obtained with tea, quillaja or soyabean saponins (Afrose et al., 2009a). In our other study, karaya saponin successfully reduced serum (23%) and egg yolk cholesterol (15%) in laying hens, in a time-dependant manner (Afrose et al., 2009b). Further, to achieve a more effective cholesterol reduction in laying hens, we used combinations of karaya saponin and R. capsulatus as supplements in the diet of hens, where we observed a much higher degree of serum (32%) and egg yolk cholesterol (18%) reduction than that with the single saponin (Afrose et al., 2009c). In these studies, karaya saponin not only reduced cholesterol, but also decreased serum triglycerides and elevated high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels (Afrose et al., 2009abc). R. capsulatus is a photosynthetic bacterium reported by our research group to have hypocholesterolemic actions in laying hens (Salma et al., 2007a), Japanese quails (Salma et al., 2008), rats (Tsujii et al., 2007) and pigs (Tsujii et al., 2008). Thus, we assumed that karaya saponin might be an effective hypocholesterolemic substrate to reduce broiler meat cholesterol, either individually or synergistically with R. capsulatus. In addition, the use of these two substrates in combination may allow lower doses of both agents. These two natural cholesterol-lowering agents may enable some significant molecular changes associated with the cholesterol-lowering mechanism to occur. Karaya saponin is a novel hypocholesterolemic substrate; there are no previous reports on its effect in broiler chickens in reducing meat cholesterol.

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